Aluminum hydroxide is amphoteric, meaning it can react as both an acid and a base, but it is largely insoluble in water and does not produce a significantly alkaline solution compared to the strong bases like sodium or calcium hydroxide.
3912
Which acid is widely recognized as a fundamental chemical in industrial manufacturing?
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is often referred to as the 'king of chemicals' because its production volume is a key indicator of a nation's industrial strength. It is essential in the manufacture of fertilizers, lead-acid batteries, detergents, and in petroleum refining. Its versatility and high demand make it the most significant industrial acid globally.
3913
Which of the following weak acids dissociates to release H+ ions when dissolved in water?
Hydrochloric, nitric, and sulphuric acids are all strong mineral acids that dissociate completely in water. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak organic acid that only partially dissociates into H+ and acetate ions in aqueous solution, making it the correct choice for a weak acid.
3914
Which common acid is historically referred to as 'Muriatic acid'?
Muriatic acid is a historical name for hydrochloric acid (HCl). The term 'muriatic' is derived from the Latin word 'muria', meaning brine or salt, reflecting its historical production from common table salt (sodium chloride) and sulfuric acid.
3915
According to the Arrhenius theory, how do alkalis behave in an aqueous solution?
The Arrhenius definition states that an acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+), while a base or alkali is a substance that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-). Therefore, alkalis are characterized by their ability to increase the concentration of hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution.
3916
Match the organic acids listed in Column I with their natural sources provided in Column II: Column I (a) Formic acid, (b) Citric acid, (c) Tartaric acid; Column II (1) Lemon, (2) Tamarind, (3) Ants.
Formic acid is found in ant stings (a-3). Citric acid is the primary organic acid in citrus fruits like lemons (b-1). Tartaric acid is naturally occurring in tamarind (c-2). Therefore, the correct matching is a-3, b-1, c-2.
3917
Which of the following acids is classified as an inorganic acid rather than an organic acid?
Organic acids are typically carbon-based compounds derived from biological sources. Lactic, citric, and oxalic acids contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are found in living organisms. Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is a mineral acid, which is inorganic in origin and does not contain carbon, making it the correct choice among the options provided.
3918
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between bases and alkalis?
An alkali is defined as a base that is soluble in water. While all alkalis are bases (as they accept protons or donate hydroxide ions), not all bases are soluble in water (e.g., metal oxides like CuO). Therefore, the set of alkalis is a subset of the set of bases.
3919
Which of the following statements regarding baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is incorrect?
Baking soda is a mild, amphoteric salt used in cooking and as an antacid. It is not a corrosive base like sodium hydroxide. It is used in fire extinguishers because it releases CO2 when reacting with acid, and it helps in cooking by releasing gas to leaven dough. Labeling it as a corrosive base is incorrect.
3920
Which substance reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce a simple salt solution?
Sodium hydroxide is a strong base. When it reacts with hydrochloric acid (a strong acid), a neutralization reaction occurs. This reaction produces sodium chloride (a salt) and water, resulting in a simple salt solution.
