Which constitutional provision mandates that any decision of the Supreme Court, to the extent that it decides a question of law, shall be binding on all other courts in Pakistan?
Article 189 establishes the principle of stare decisis, ensuring judicial consistency by making Supreme Court interpretations of law binding on all subordinate courts.
Article 90 stipulates that the executive authority of the Federation shall be exercised in the name of the President by the Federal Government, consisting of the Prime Minister and the Federal Ministers.
The Judicial Commission of Pakistan, established under the 18th Amendment, is the primary constitutional body responsible for the nomination and appointment process of judges to the superior judiciary.
Under Chapter V of the UN Charter, the Security Council is vested with the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, distinguishing it from the economic mandates of the IMF, World Bank, or WTO.
The Carter Doctrine (1980) articulated that any attempt by an outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region would be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States, necessitating military response.
The Marrakesh Agreement (1994) replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) with the World Trade Organization (WTO), providing a more robust legal and institutional framework for international trade.
The ILO was established in 1919 as part of the Treaty of Versailles, functioning as an agency of the League of Nations before becoming the first specialized agency of the United Nations in 1946.
Consider the following statements about the security address delivered by Field Marshal Asim Munir on July 8, 2026:
1. He emphasized that wars are won through media rhetoric and political sloganeering.
2. He highlighted the importance of strategic clarity in dealing with hybrid and sub-conventional threats.
3. He stated that proxy networks operating under hostile intelligence agencies would not be allowed to undermine Pakistan's economic prosperity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is incorrect because the Field Marshal explicitly stated that wars are NOT won through media rhetoric or political sloganeering, but through faith, unity, and discipline. Statements 2 and 3 accurately reflect his emphasis on strategic clarity and the threat posed by proxy networks to national prosperity. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2013924/cross-border-terrorism-will-be-crushed-with-full-might-of-the-state-field-marshal-asim-munir, 08 Jul 2026]
1500
According to the new legislation, security personnel provided to an MPA can be retained in which of the following regions?
Section 12(3) of the Act explicitly provides that security personnel assigned to a member may be retained throughout Pakistan, specifically mentioning the inclusion of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir. This ensures the continuity of protection for members while traveling outside their home province. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2013628/kp-govt-enacts-law-granting-lawmakers-lifetime-official-passports-expanding-privileges, 07 Jul 2026]
