In May 2025, following pivotal diplomatic developments, transitional security arrangements, and humanitarian reconstruction agreements, the European Union moved to lift its long-standing comprehensive economic and sectoral sanctions on Syria to support national recovery and normal commercial engagement.
412
On Inauguration day President Trump withdrew USA from:
Immediately upon taking office on Inauguration Day, President Donald Trump signed executive orders initiating the withdrawal of the United States from both the Paris Climate Agreement and the World Health Organization (WHO) in line with his administration's foreign policy priorities.
413
Advances in are enabling treatments that are tailored specifically to an individual's makeup, significantly improving the effectiveness of therapies for conditions like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and mental health disorders.
Genomic medicine (a cornerstone of personalized/precision medicine) uses an individual's genetic information (DNA sequence, genetic mutations, and molecular markers) to guide diagnostic, preventative, and therapeutic decisions, allowing doctors to select targeted therapies tailored to the patient's biological profile.
414
In a new report, has urged world leaders to halt an "obsession" with energy sources that fuel the climate crisis.
In its global climate policy reports and advocacy briefings on climate justice, international human rights group Amnesty International condemned world leaders' continued "obsession" with fossil fuels, urging an immediate end to fossil-fuel production and subsidies that accelerate global warming and violate fundamental human rights.
Under the UNFCCC regional rotation for hosting the 2026 UN Climate Change Conference (COP31), Australia (in partnership with Pacific Island nations) and Turkey emerged as the leading candidate host/co-host nations within the Western European and Others Group (WEOG).
416
An economic model designed to eliminate waste and keep resources in use for as long as possible is known as:
A Circular Economy is a regenerative economic framework aimed at minimizing waste and maximizing resource efficiency by sharing, leasing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling existing materials and products for as long as possible, replacing the traditional linear "take-make-dispose" model.
417
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism is currently operational in the European Union (EU). It applies to:
The EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a climate trade policy that places a carbon price on imported goods in carbon-intensive sectors (such as iron & steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, hydrogen, and electricity) entering the European Union to prevent "carbon leakage" and level the playing field with EU industries subject to the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS).
World Order (published in 2014) was written by former US Secretary of State and Nobel laureate Henry Kissinger. The book analyzes the historical evolution of world order concepts—from the 1648 Peace of Westphalia to modern American, Chinese, Islamic, and European geopolitical philosophies.
419
Which Pakistani economist contributed significantly towards development of Human Security Theory?
Renowned Pakistani economist Dr. Mahbub ul Haq (the pioneer behind the Human Development Index, HDI) played the foundational role in conceptualizing Human Security in the 1994 UNDP Human Development Report. He shifted the global security paradigm from traditional territorial defense by military forces to the well-being and security of individuals (encompassing economic, food, health, environmental, and personal security).
Prisoners of Geography: Ten Maps That Tell You Everything You Need to Know About Global Politics (2015) is authored by British foreign affairs journalist Tim Marshall. The book illustrates how topography, mountain barriers, river systems, climate, and coastlines shape international relations, power projection, and state behavior.
