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The MCQs below are drawn from the English Literature subject category.
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1161
The ______ of the CEO at the annual meeting was notable, raising questions about his health.
Rule: Logical Inference. If something 'raises questions' about a person's health, it is usually their failure to appear where they are expected. 'Absence' is the state of being away from a place or person. The CEO's absence would be a notable event that would cause speculation. Options (a) 'presence', (b) 'attendance', and (c) 'arrival' are all the opposite and would not raise questions about health unless he looked unwell.
1162
The lawyer's closing argument was a powerful ______ of the evidence presented during the trial.
Rule: Vocabulary of Argumentation. A closing argument is meant to bring all the pieces of evidence together into a coherent whole to persuade the jury. 'Synthesis' is the combination of ideas to form a theory or system. This word accurately describes the function of a closing argument. Option (a) 'refutation' means proving something wrong. Option (b) 'introduction' happens at the beginning. Option (d) 'digression' is a departure from the topic.
1163
The artist was a ______, living a life of voluntary poverty to focus on his creative work.
Rule: Vocabulary of Lifestyles. 'Voluntary poverty' describes a person who chooses to be poor, often for religious or philosophical reasons. A 'mendicant' is a person, typically a member of a religious order, who lives by begging. While the artist might not be begging, the word captures the essence of choosing a life of poverty. Options (a) 'sybarite', (b) 'bon vivant', and (d) 'hedonist' are all words for people who are devoted to luxury and pleasure.
1164
The corrupt official used his position to ______ a vast fortune through bribes and illegal deals.
Rule: Verbs of Accumulation/Spending. The official is building a 'vast fortune'. The verb needed means to gather or accumulate. 'Amass' means to gather together or accumulate (a large amount or number of valuable material) over a period of time. This is the correct verb. Options (a) 'dissipate', (c) 'disperse', and (d) 'expend' are all verbs related to spending or scattering, which is the opposite of accumulating a fortune.
1165
The teacher's ______ praise was a great source of encouragement for the struggling student.
Rule: Vocabulary of Praise/Criticism. Praise that serves as 'a great source of encouragement' must be generous and freely given. 'Unstinting' means given or giving without restraint; unsparing. It perfectly describes generous praise. Options (a) 'scathing', (b) 'censorious', and (d) 'critical' are all words for harsh criticism, not praise.
1166
The ______ nature of her illness meant that she had good days and bad days, making it difficult to plan anything.
Rule: Vocabulary of Time/Occurrence. Having 'good days and bad days' means the illness is not constant but stops and starts. 'Intermittent' means occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady. This word accurately describes the nature of the illness. Option (a) 'chronic' means long-lasting. Option (b) 'acute' means severe and sudden. Option (c) 'ephemeral' means lasting for a very short time. None of these capture the stop-start pattern.
1167
The ______ of the old building was a sad sight for the local residents who had many fond memories associated with it.
Rule: Vocabulary of Building/Destruction. A 'sad sight' implies that something negative was happening to the building. 'Demolition' is the action or process of demolishing or tearing down a building. This would be a sad event for people with fond memories. Options (a) 'construction', (b) 'renovation', and (d) 'preservation' are all positive actions that residents would likely be happy about.
1168
His ______ arguments were so convincing that the board of directors quickly approved his proposal.
Rule: Vocabulary of Argumentation. Arguments that are 'convincing' and lead to a proposal's approval must be clear, logical, and persuasive. 'Cogent' means (of an argument or case) clear, logical, and convincing. This is the perfect adjective. Options (a) 'tenuous' (weak), (b) 'specious' (superficially plausible, but actually wrong), and (d) 'fallacious' (based on a mistaken belief) all describe bad arguments.
1169
The ancient tribe performed a complex ritual to ______ their gods and ensure a bountiful harvest.
Rule: Vocabulary - Religious/Ritual Context. The purpose of a ritual to ensure a 'bountiful harvest' is to please or win the favor of the gods. 'Propitiate' means to win or regain the favor of (a god, spirit, or person) by doing something that pleases them. This is the precise term for this religious action. Options (a) 'antagonize', (b) 'offend', and (d) 'provoke' all mean to anger or annoy, which would be counterproductive to getting a good harvest.
1170
The company's marketing campaign was a ______ failure, resulting in a significant drop in sales.
Rule: Adjectives of Success/Failure. The result was a 'significant drop in sales', indicating the failure was very bad. 'Dismal' means depressing; dreary or causing a mood of gloom. A 'dismal failure' is a common expression for a very bad and depressing failure. While 'resounding', 'spectacular', and 'colossal' can be used with 'failure' to mean a very big failure, 'dismal' also carries the connotation of a depressing outcome, which fits the context of dropping sales.
