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The MCQs below are drawn from the Mathematics subject category.
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7411
A number is increased by 20% and then by 30%. What is the total percentage increase?
A. 50%
B. 54%
C. 56%
D. 60%
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Explanation
Use the successive percentage formula: A + B + (A*B)/100. 20 + 30 + (20*30)/100 = 50 + 6 = 56%. Let number be 100 -> 120 -> 156. Increase is 56%.
7412
The price of a commodity is reduced by 25%. How much percent must a family increase consumption so the expenditure remains the same?
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 30%
D. 33.33%
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Explanation
If price decreases by R%, required increase in consumption is (R / (100-R)) * 100. Here, R = 25. Increase = (25 / 75) * 100 = (1/3) * 100 = 33.33%.
7413
The price of sugar increases by 20%. By what percent should consumption decrease so the expenditure remains the same?
A. 16.66%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
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Explanation
If price increases by R%, required decrease in consumption is (R / (100+R)) * 100. Here, R = 20. Decrease = (20 / 120) * 100 = (1/6) * 100 = 16.66%.
7414
A number is increased by 10% and then decreased by 10%. The net change is?
A. 0%
B. 1% increase
C. 1% decrease
D. 10% decrease
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Correct Option
Explanation
Let the number be 100. Increased by 10% makes it 110. Decreased by 10% makes it 110 - (10% of 110) = 110 - 11 = 99. The net change from 100 to 99 is a 1% decrease. (Rule: net change = -x^2/100 = -100/100 = -1%).
7415
Two numbers are respectively 20% and 50% more than a third number. The first number is what percent of the second?
A. 70%
B. 80%
C. 90%
D. 100%
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Explanation
Let the third number be 100. The first number is 120 and the second number is 150. The first as a percent of the second is (120 / 150) * 100 = (4/5) * 100 = 80%.
7416
If A is 50% larger than C and B is 25% larger than C, then A is what percent larger than B?
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 30%
D. 50%
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Explanation
Let C = 100. Then A = 150 and B = 125. The difference between A and B is 25. A is larger than B by (25 / B) * 100 = (25 / 125) * 100 = 20%.
7417
If A's salary is 25% more than B's, then B's salary is what percent less than A's?
A. 20%
B. 22.5%
C. 25%
D. 30%
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Explanation
Let B's salary be 100. Then A's salary is 125. The difference is 25. To find what percent B is less than A, compare the difference to A's salary: (25 / 125) * 100 = (1/5) * 100 = 20%.
7418
What is 25% less than 80?
A. 50
B. 60
C. 70
D. 75
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Explanation
25% less than 80 is 75% of 80. 0.75 * 80 = 60. Alternatively, 25% of 80 is 20, and 80 - 20 = 60.
7419
What is 20% more than 50?
A. 55
B. 60
C. 65
D. 70
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Explanation
20% of 50 = (20/100) * 50 = 10. To find 20% more than 50, add this value to 50: 50 + 10 = 60. Alternatively, 1.2 * 50 = 60.
7420
A number decreased by 15% becomes 170. Find the number.
A. 180
B. 190
C. 200
D. 210
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Explanation
Decreasing a number by 15% means it becomes 85% of its original value. 85% of x = 170. 0.85x = 170. x = 170 / 0.85 = 200.
