Allama Muhammad Iqbal completed his Ph.D. at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in 1908. His dissertation was titled 'The Development of Metaphysics in Persia', which provided a comprehensive historical and philosophical analysis of Persian thought, reflecting his deep interest in Islamic philosophy and mysticism.
1292
Who authored the literary work titled 'Zaboor-e-Ajam'?
Zaboor-e-Ajam, or 'Persian Psalms', is a significant collection of Persian poetry written by Allama Iqbal. Published in 1927, it demonstrates his mastery of the Persian language and his ability to convey complex philosophical concepts through lyrical verse. The work focuses on the development of the self (Khudi) and the spiritual journey of the individual within the context of Islamic tradition.
1293
Who is the author of the poetic work 'Payam-e-Mashriq'?
Payam-e-Mashriq, or 'Message of the East', was written by Allama Iqbal in 1923 as a response to Goethe's 'West-östlicher Divan'. It is a profound work of Persian poetry that seeks to bridge the gap between Eastern and Western thought. Iqbal uses this work to present his vision of a revitalized Islamic civilization that engages critically with modern philosophical challenges.
1294
Who served as the primary tutor for Allama Iqbal during his formative years?
Allama Iqbal received his early education and tutelage from Maulvi Syed Mir Hassan. Mir Hassan was a profound scholar of Arabic and Persian, and he played a pivotal role in shaping Iqbal's intellectual, linguistic, and literary development, fostering a deep appreciation for Islamic heritage and classical literature.
1295
Who is the author of the literary and philosophical work 'Armaghan-e-Hijaz'?
'Armaghan-e-Hijaz' (Gift of Hijaz) is a collection of poetry written by the renowned philosopher and poet Allama Muhammad Iqbal. Published posthumously, it contains verses in both Persian and Urdu, reflecting his deep spiritual, philosophical, and political thoughts regarding the Muslim world, the concept of 'Khudi' (selfhood), and the revival of Islamic intellectual tradition.
1296
Which of the following literary works is attributed to the poet and philosopher Allama Iqbal?
Payam-e-Mashrik, or 'Message from the East', is a notable poetic work by Allama Iqbal, published in 1923. It was written as a response to Goethe's 'West-östlicher Divan'. This literary masterpiece showcases his intellectual depth and creative prowess, solidifying his position as a prominent figure in Urdu and Persian literature and philosophy.
1297
In which landmark judicial case did the Supreme Court of India establish guidelines to address and prevent sexual harassment of women in the workplace?
The Vishakha guidelines were established by the Supreme Court of India in 1997. This judgment was a response to the brutal gang rape of a social worker, Bhanwari Devi. The Court filled a legislative vacuum by providing mandatory guidelines for employers to prevent sexual harassment, which remained the primary legal framework until the enactment of the POSH Act in 2013.
1298
What was the numerical order of Croatia's accession to the European Union?
Croatia officially joined the European Union on July 1, 2013, becoming the 28th member state. This accession marked a significant milestone for the Balkan region, following years of negotiations and structural reforms required to meet the Copenhagen criteria for membership. It remained the most recent expansion of the bloc until the UK's departure.
1299
In what year was the prominent scholar and administrator Nizam al-Mulk Tusi born?
Abu Ali Hassan ibn Ali, famously known as Nizam al-Mulk Tusi, was a renowned Persian scholar, vizier, and author of the Siyasat Nama. Historical records generally cite his birth year as 1017 AD (408 AH) in the region of Tus, located in modern-day Iran. He played a pivotal role in the administration of the Seljuk Empire.
1300
Which classical Muslim political thinker utilized the Persian term 'Padshah' to describe the monarch?
Nizam al-Mulk Tusi, in his famous work 'Siyasat Nama' (Book of Government), extensively discussed the role of the ruler and used the Persian title 'Padshah' to refer to the sovereign, reflecting the influence of Persian administrative traditions on Islamic governance.
