John Locke's 'Two Treatises of Government' provided the intellectual foundation for the Glorious Revolution of 1688. His arguments against absolute monarchy and in favor of the consent of the governed, the right to property, and the right to revolution were instrumental in justifying the overthrow of King James II and the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under William and Mary, which limited the power of the crown.

Locke viewed the State of Nature as a pre-political condition where individuals lived under the law of nature. He argued that humans are naturally social beings, meaning the State of Nature is pre-political but not post-social. Therefore, labeling it 'post-social' is a fundamental misinterpretation of his social contract theory.

John Locke is considered the father of classical liberalism. His 'Two Treatises of Government' articulated the concepts of natural rights, including life, liberty, and property, and the necessity of a government based on the consent of the governed. These ideas profoundly influenced modern democratic systems and the development of constitutional governance, distinguishing his work as the primary intellectual source for liberal political thought.

This concept is central to John Locke's political theory. Locke argued that government is a fiduciary trust; if the state violates the natural rights of life, liberty, and property, it forfeits its legitimacy. Consequently, the people possess the moral right to dissolve the government and establish a new one, ensuring that political power remains accountable to the citizenry it serves.

John Locke published 'An Essay Concerning Human Understanding' in 1689. This work is a cornerstone of empiricist philosophy, where Locke argues that the human mind is a blank slate at birth and that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience, significantly influencing later political and epistemological thought.

The matching is as follows: Willmoore Kendall wrote 'John Locke and the Doctrine of Majority-rule' (a-2); J. W. Gough authored 'John Locke's Political Philosophy' (b-3); M. W. Cranston is known for 'John Locke, A Biography' (c-1); and Richard Cox wrote 'Locke on Peace and War' (d-4). These works represent significant scholarly contributions to the interpretation of Lockean political thought and his influence on modern liberal theory.

John Locke's *Two Treatises of Government* (1689) is the foundational text for his political theory. The first treatise refutes the theory of the divine right of kings, while the second treatise outlines his theory of natural rights, the social contract, and the justification for limited government based on the consent of the governed.

The Theory of Natural Rights asserts that individuals possess inherent rights that exist independent of any government or social contract. These rights are not bestowed by any authority but are fundamental to human existence, originating in the state of nature before the establishment of formal civil society.

John Locke, a foundational liberal thinker, argued that property is created when an individual mixes their labor with natural resources. By applying effort to the land or raw materials, the individual acquires a moral right to the fruits of that labor, making it their private property.

John Locke argued in his 'Second Treatise of Government' that the purpose of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom. He believed that in a state of nature, freedom is precarious due to the lack of an impartial judge. Thus, law provides the necessary structure to protect individuals from the arbitrary will of others, thereby securing true liberty.