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The MCQs below are drawn from the Gender Studies subject category.
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31
Which term refers to socially expected behaviors and attitudes deemed appropriate for males and females in a given culture?
A. Gender norms
B. Sex chromosomes
C. Gender dysphoria
D. Reproductive rights
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Explanation
Incorrect option selected; correct is a. (Note: The intended correct answer is that 'gender norms' are culturally prescribed behaviors and attitudes for genders.)
32
Which definition best captures 'gender-based violence' (GBV)?
A. Any act of physical, sexual or psychological harm or coercion inflicted on a person because of their gender or gender identity
B. Only state-sanctioned acts of violence such as capital punishment applied unequally
C. Violence between members of the same gender for non-gender-related reasons
D. Economic sanctions imposed by governments that affect men and women equally
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Explanation
Incorrect option selected; correct is a. (Note: The intended correct answer is that GBV is any act of physical, sexual or psychological harm inflicted because of gender.)
33
Which theoretical approach in Gender Studies most directly challenges fixed categories of sexual identity and emphasizes fluidity?
A. Liberal feminism
B. Radical feminism
C. Queer theory
D. Marxist feminism
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Explanation
Queer theory critiques fixed identity categories and emphasizes fluidity in sexual and gender identities.
34
What is the primary aim of 'gender budgeting' in public policy?
A. To allocate separate, equal funds exclusively for women-led organizations
B. To reduce overall public spending by removing gender-targeted programs
C. To assess only the economic cost of gender-based programs without policy change
D. To integrate gender equity considerations into the budget process to ensure resources address different needs of women and men
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Explanation
Gender budgeting integrates gender equity into budgeting to ensure resources are allocated in ways that address differential needs and impacts.
35
Which statement most accurately describes 'patriarchy' in Gender Studies discourse?
A. A political system where women hold primary power over institutions
B. A social system where men hold primary power and dominate roles in political leadership, moral authority, and control of property
C. An economic model focused solely on female-headed households
D. A temporary cultural practice limited to pre-industrial societies
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Correct Option
Explanation
Patriarchy is understood as a social system in which men hold primary power across institutions and social roles.
36
Which best describes 'gender mainstreaming' as promoted by the United Nations?
A. Creating separate policies for men and women without altering existing programs
B. Prioritizing women's issues in all government budgets exclusively
C. Assessing the implications for people of different genders in all stages of policy, program and project development
D. Eliminating gender-specific data collection to treat all citizens uniformly
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Explanation
Gender mainstreaming means evaluating and integrating gender perspectives into all stages of policy and program development to promote equality.
37
What does CEDAW, a key international instrument often studied in Gender Studies, stand for?
A. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
B. Charter for Equality and Development of All Women
C. Committee on Enforcement of Domestic Actions for Women
D. Convention on Economic Development and Women's Rights
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Explanation
CEDAW is the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, the primary international treaty on women's rights.
38
Who coined the term 'intersectionality' to describe how race, gender, and other identities overlap in experiences of discrimination?
A. Kimberlé Crenshaw
B. Judith Butler
C. bell hooks
D. Patricia Hill Collins
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Explanation
Kimberlé Crenshaw introduced 'intersectionality' to explain overlapping systems of oppression in 1989.
39
In Gender Studies, how is the term 'gender' best defined?
A. The biological and physiological characteristics that define male and female bodies
B. The socially constructed roles, behaviors and identities associated with being male, female or non-binary
C. A fixed personality trait that all individuals inherit from birth
D. A legal status assigned by the state based solely on anatomy
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Correct Option
Explanation
Gender refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors and identities rather than innate biological characteristics.
40
Which statement best captures the principal aim of feminist literary criticism?
A. To uphold the established literary canon without question
B. To expose and critique patriarchal assumptions in texts and to recover or re-evaluate marginalized women's writing
C. To remove gender as a category of analysis and focus only on formal techniques
D. To assert that literature should be free from political or social analysis
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Explanation
Feminist criticism interrogates how gender and power operate within texts and seeks to rediscover or reassess women's literary contributions often sidelined by a male-dominated canon.
