Punjabi is a tonal Indo‑Aryan language where lexical tones play a role in distinguishing meanings of words.

Kafi is a short devotional lyric associated with Sufi poets like Bulleh Shah and Shah Hussain expressing mystical themes.

Waris Shah composed the celebrated poetic rendition of 'Heer' in the 18th century, which is canonical in Punjabi literature.

Shahmukhi, a Perso‑Arabic based script written right‑to‑left, is the primary script for Punjabi in Pakistan.

The Paris Agreement was adopted and opened for signature at the UN climate conference in Paris in 2015 (COP21).

Baba Fareed is recognized as the earliest known Punjabi poet, whose devotional verses are among the first recorded in the Punjabi language.

The referenced report stated that ten Punjabis were killed in the April 2024 attack in Nushki.

The 2015 climate change conference was held in Paris (COP21), so it is referred to as the Paris conference.

The Islamic Military Counter Terrorism Coalition (IMCTC) is a pan-Islamic unified front established to combat terrorism. While it was initially announced with 34 members in 2015, the coalition expanded its membership over time. By the time of its first meeting of defense ministers in 2017, the organization officially comprised 41 member states committed to military, intelligence, and ideological cooperation against extremist groups.

On June 19, 2015, the E-Fan, an electric aircraft developed by Airbus, successfully crossed the English Channel. This flight marked a significant milestone in aviation history, demonstrating the potential for electric propulsion in passenger-capable aircraft. The project was a collaborative effort led by French aerospace engineers and supported by the French government to promote sustainable aviation technology.