Marcus Samuel, 1st Viscount Bearsted, founded the Shell Transport and Trading Company in 1897. The company name originated from his father's business of importing decorative seashells from the Far East, which was a significant part of the family's early trading history.

By establishing the sequence based on the provided positions, we place the professor at the first position on the left. Following the logical order of the group, the student occupies the second position, and the advocate is placed in the third position from the left.

McDonald's is widely recognized as the world's largest restaurant chain by the total number of outlets. Founded in 1940, it has expanded into a global fast-food giant with tens of thousands of locations across more than 100 countries. Its business model and brand recognition have allowed it to maintain a dominant market position in the international food service industry for several decades.

World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day is celebrated on May 8 every year to honor the humanitarian work of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. This specific date was chosen because it marks the birthday of Henry Dunant, the Swiss businessman and social activist who founded the International Committee of the Red Cross and was the first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

On May 8, 2018, President Donald Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal. This decision marked a significant shift in U.S. foreign policy toward Iran, leading to the reinstatement of economic sanctions that had been lifted under the terms of the 2015 agreement.

The spoils system, also known as patronage, is a practice in which a political party, after winning an election, gives government civil service jobs to its supporters, friends, and relatives as a reward for working toward victory. This system is designed to ensure that the administration is staffed by individuals loyal to the party's agenda.

The English term 'tycoon' is a direct loanword from the Japanese word 'taikun'. Historically, this title was used to refer to the Shogun, signifying a 'great lord' or 'great prince'. In modern business contexts, it has evolved to describe individuals who have achieved significant wealth and influence within their respective industries.

Next plc is a prominent British multinational clothing, footwear, and home products retailer. Headquartered in Enderby, Leicestershire, it operates hundreds of stores across the United Kingdom and internationally, making it one of the most recognizable fashion retail brands in the British market.

KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders in 1952. It is a fast-food restaurant chain specializing in fried chicken. It is not owned or established by any of the corporations listed in the options, such as Smith Kline or Nestle. Therefore, 'None of them' is the correct answer.

The term 'Laissez-faire' originates from French and translates to 'let do' or 'let them do'. In economic and political theory, it refers to a policy where the government adopts a hands-off approach, minimizing or eliminating interference in the economic activities of individuals and businesses, thereby allowing the free market to operate independently.