A ghazal consists of autonomous couplets that share the same meter and a common rhyme and refrain (qāfiya and radif).

Alef is one of the non-connecting letters in Perso-Arabic script and therefore does not join to the following letter.

Many classical Pashto poets adopted the arūz system of quantitative meter from Arabic and Persian poetic tradition for formal compositions.

Persian has been the primary source of lexical borrowing and literary influence on Balochi over centuries.

Balochi literary texts are most commonly written in a modified Perso-Arabic script adapted from Persian/Urdu orthography.

Arabic belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family, whereas Urdu, Pashto, and Persian are Indo-European languages.

Yemen’s crisis began in 2011 when uprisings during the Arab Spring escalated into a prolonged conflict and political collapse.

Choudhry Rahmat Ali coined the name Pakistan in his 1933 pamphlet, forming the word from regional names and the Persian suffix -stan.

Shah Wali Ullah produced an early and well-known Persian translation of the Qur'an, which is why he is named here.

Shah Wali Ullah is credited in the question source with producing the first Persian translation of the Holy Quran.