Surah Al-Kawthar is the shortest Surah in the Quran, consisting of only 3 verses.

Lake Victoria’s greatest depth is 270 feet (82 meters), much shallower than Lake Superior or Lake Baikal.

Death Valley, part of the Mojave Desert, is located in California, USA. It holds the record for the hottest temperature ever recorded on Earth, reaching 56.7°C in 1913.

The Atacama Desert, located primarily in northern Chile, is one of the driest places on Earth. Its extreme aridity makes it a unique environment, used as a testing ground for Mars exploration technologies.

The Ching Ping Dam, likely referring to the Jinping-I Dam, is located in China on the Yalong River. Completed in 2013, it is one of the world's tallest dams at 305 meters, generating significant hydroelectric power for China's energy needs.

Puncak Jaya, at 4,884 meters, is the shortest listed mountain, slightly shorter than Vinson Massif (4,892 meters).

Typhoon Haiyan devastated the central Philippines, particularly the city of Tacloban, causing over 6,000 confirmed deaths.

The collapse of the eight-story commercial building near Dhaka killed 1,134 people.

The MV Wilhelm Gustloff was sunk by a Soviet submarine while evacuating civilians and personnel; an estimated 9,000+ people died.

P-waves (Primary waves) are compressional waves that travel fastest through the Earth and arrive first at seismic stations.