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9871
Which landmark climate agreement, adopted in 2015, established the goal of limiting global warming to well below $2$ and pursuing efforts to limit it to $1.5$?
A. The Berlin Mandate
B. The Bali Action Plan
C. The Paris Agreement
D. The Copenhagen Accord
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Explanation
The Paris Agreement is the current, universal agreement governing global climate action.
9872
What is the key role of the IAEA in relation to the **Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)**?
A. The IAEA verifies the CTBT.
B. The IAEA is a contributing organization, providing technical support but not verification (which is done by the CTBTO).
C. The IAEA prohibits all forms of nuclear testing.
D. The IAEA funds the CTBT Organization.
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Explanation
The CTBT Organization (CTBTO) is a separate entity responsible for monitoring nuclear explosions. The IAEA assists with certain technical and information matters.
9873
The UNDP's **Acceleator Labs** network, launched in 2019, primarily focuses on:
A. Accelerating the distribution of food aid.
B. Finding and scaling up grassroots innovation and local solutions to complex development challenges.
C. Accelerating the process of national elections.
D. Fast-tracking policy approvals for all UN projects.
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Explanation
The Labs apply methodologies like sensing, exploring, and scaling to test new approaches rapidly.
9874
Who was the first President of the New Development Bank (NDB)?
A. Dilma Rousseff
B. K.V. Kamath
C. Marcos Troyjo
D. Anton Siluanov
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Explanation
K.V. Kamath from India served as the first President of the New Development Bank when it launched in 2015.
9875
What is the BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA)?
A. Trade agreement
B. Financial safety net
C. Cultural exchange program
D. Security pact
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Explanation
The CRA, established in 2015, provides financial support to member countries facing balance of payments difficulties, with $200 billion in funds.
9876
Which financial institution was established by BRICS in 2014?
A. World Bank
B. New Development Bank
C. Asian Development Bank
D. BRICS Monetary Fund
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Explanation
The New Development Bank (NDB), established in 2014 and operational since 2015, funds infrastructure and sustainable development projects.
9877
Which ASEAN initiative aims to create a single market and production base?
A. ASEAN Free Trade Area
B. ASEAN Economic Community
C. ASEAN Political-Security Community
D. ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community
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Explanation
The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), established in 2015, aims to create a single market and production base to enhance economic integration and competitiveness.
9878
The Vilna dispute (1920) was between which two countries?
A. Poland and Lithuania
B. Germany and France
C. Austria and Hungary
D. Russia and Finland
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Explanation
Polish troops seized Vilna, the capital of Lithuania. The League protested but failed to force Poland to withdraw, marking an early failure.
9879
Which country was the latest to join the United Nations?
A. Montenegro
B. Timor-Leste
C. South Sudan
D. Switzerland
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Explanation
South Sudan became the 193rd member of the United Nations on July 14, 2011, following its independence from Sudan.
9880
The **Nika Riots** of 532 AD, which threatened to overthrow Emperor Justinian I, were sparked by which groups in Constantinople?
A. The Goths and the Huns
B. The Greens and the Blues (chariot racing factions)
C. The Senate and the Aristocracy
D. The Iconoclasts and the Iconophiles
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Explanation
The Nika Riots were massive and violent uprisings in Constantinople starting at the Hippodrome. They were initially protests by the two main chariot racing factions, the Blues and the Greens, against Justinian's administration, but quickly turned into a political revolt to depose him.
