A new ingestible pill developed in November 2025 contains engineered bacteria that glow when they encounter heme, a component of blood, thereby acting as a non-invasive detector for intestinal bleeding.

VaxSeer, a new machine-learning platform detailed in Nature Medicine in September 2025, outperformed WHO recommendations by accurately matching dominant flu strains in retrospective tests, offering a potentially more accurate alternative for vaccine formulation.

The FPSC introduced a mandatory Screening Test (MPT) based on MCQs before the written CSS exam to filter serious candidates.

Justices Mansoor Ali Shah and Athar Minallah resigned, terming the 27th Amendment and the creation of the FCC as a grave assault on judicial independence.

The pledge targets a collective reduction of global methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030.

Guyana has experienced the world's fastest GDP growth rates in recent years due to massive new offshore oil discoveries.

India remained the fastest-growing major economy, with growth projections remaining above 6% (approx. 6.5%) for 2025.

Russia remains India's largest arms supplier, though India is actively diversifying its imports with purchases from France (Rafale) and the US (drones/engines).

The World Food Programme (WFP) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2020 for its efforts to combat hunger and prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war.

The CTBTO Preparatory Commission is headquartered in Vienna, Austria. It is tasked with preparing for the entry into force of the CTBT.