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The MCQs below are drawn from the Principle of Engineering subject category.
Showing 81–90
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81
Who is recognized as the founding father of the Republic of China?
Sun Yat-sen, often referred to as 'San Yet Sen' in historical texts, was a pivotal revolutionary leader who played a fundamental role in the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty. He served as the first provisional president of the Republic of China and is revered in both mainland China and Taiwan as the 'Father of the Nation' for his efforts in modernizing China and promoting the Three Principles of the People.
82
Which major international conflict, beginning in 1618 as a religious and political struggle between Lutherans and Catholics in Germany, evolved into a widespread European war?
The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) originated within the Holy Roman Empire as a conflict between Protestant and Catholic states. It gradually escalated into a massive geopolitical struggle involving most of the major European powers of the time, including France, Sweden, and Spain. The war concluded with the Peace of Westphalia, which significantly altered the political map of Europe and established the principle of state sovereignty.
83
Which of the original Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, as cataloged by Antipater of Sidon, remains standing today?
The Great Pyramid of Giza is the only one of the seven ancient wonders that has survived into the modern era. While the others, such as the Lighthouse of Alexandria and the Colossus of Rhodes, were destroyed by natural disasters or human conflict, the pyramids remain largely intact as a testament to ancient Egyptian engineering.
84
In which year was the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABMT) signed between the United States and the Soviet Union?
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty was signed in 1972 as part of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) between the United States and the Soviet Union. The treaty aimed to limit the deployment of missile defense systems, thereby maintaining the principle of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) and reducing the incentive for a nuclear arms race. It remained a cornerstone of international security and nuclear arms control for three decades until the United States withdrew from it in 2002.
85
Which historical figure is widely recognized as the 'Father of International Law'?
Hugo Grotius, a Dutch jurist, is considered the father of international law. His seminal work, 'De Jure Belli ac Pacis' (On the Law of War and Peace), published in 1625, laid the foundational principles for modern international law. He argued that nations are bound by a system of law based on natural law and the common consent of states, which significantly influenced the development of diplomatic relations and the regulation of warfare.
86
On what date did Portugal officially transfer sovereignty over Macao to the People's Republic of China?
On December 20, 1999, Portugal ended its colonial administration of Macao, which had lasted for over 400 years. The territory was returned to China, becoming a Special Administrative Region under the 'one country, two systems' principle, similar to the handover of Hong Kong two years earlier.
87
Who was the primary author of the American Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. The document articulated the fundamental principles of individual liberty and the right of the people to alter or abolish oppressive governments.
88
On what date did the United States Congress formally issue the Declaration of Independence, effectively renouncing allegiance to the British Crown?
The Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. Drafted primarily by Thomas Jefferson, this historic document announced that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as independent sovereign states, no longer under British rule. This event marked a pivotal turning point in the American Revolutionary War, establishing the foundational principles of American democracy and liberty that would influence political movements worldwide for centuries to come.
89
Which reformer urged the people to abandon non-Islamic customs and practices?
Haji Shariatullah was the founder of the Faraizi movement in Bengal during the 19th century. He advocated for a return to the fundamental principles of Islam and urged his followers to reject non-Islamic customs and superstitions that had integrated into local practices. His movement aimed at social and religious reform, emphasizing the strict observance of Islamic duties (faraiz) and the purification of faith among the Muslim peasantry.
90
Which British physicist is credited with establishing the concept of absolute temperature and developing the corresponding measurement scale?
William Thomson, known as Lord Kelvin, formulated the concept of absolute zero and developed the Kelvin temperature scale. This scale is based on thermodynamic principles where absolute zero represents the point at which all thermal motion ceases. His work was foundational for modern thermodynamics and physics, providing a scientific standard for measuring temperature independent of the properties of any specific substance.
