Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that can linger in the atmosphere for several years before being broken down by chemical reactions or removed by natural processes.

Applying gentle suction can increase the rate of filtration, particularly when using filter paper. This method helps to speed up the filtration process without damaging the filter or dislodging particles, making it more efficient.

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In the silver mirror test, a substance reacts with a silver nitrate solution to form a silver mirror. This reaction is specific to aldehydes, as they can donate a proton (H+) to the silver nitrate, converting it to silver (Ag+) ions. The silver ions then deposit as a silver mirror. Aldehydes form the silver mirror, distinguishing them among the given options.

The enthalpy change can be determined using Hess's Law, a theoretical approach, and measured using a calorimeter, a practical method. Both methods are valid for calculating the enthalpy change in chemical reactions.

Calcium carbonate is a compound composed of calcium, carbon, and oxygen. It has a chemical formula of CaCO3, where calcium makes up 40% of the compound's mass.

Chile saltpetre is another name for sodium nitrate. Sodium nitrate's chemical formula is NaNO3. It's a naturally occurring mineral used in fertilizers and explosives.

Sand is primarily composed of silicon dioxide, which is also known as silica. The chemical formula for this compound is SiO2.

The chemical formula for Zinc Hydroxide is Zn(OH)2, indicating one zinc atom combined with two hydroxide ions. This compound is a base and has various industrial applications.

Blue Vitriol or Blue Stone is a well-known hydrated form of copper(II) sulfate, with the chemical formula CuSO4·5H2O.