Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the earliest proponent of the Two Nation Theory, emphasizing the distinct identity of Muslims and Hindus in the subcontinent.

Pakistan’s first constitution was adopted and enforced on March 23, 1956, declaring the country an Islamic republic.

The Lahore Resolution, also known as the Pakistan Resolution, was passed on March 23, 1940, by the All-India Muslim League, demanding a separate homeland for Muslims of the subcontinent.

Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, along with his brother Shaukat Ali, was a principal founder of the Khilafat Movement, which aimed to protect the Ottoman Caliphate and mobilize Indian Muslims against British policies.

Pakistan became a founding member of the OIC at its first summit in Rabat, Morocco, in 1969[1].

Allama Iqbal authored “The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam,” a collection of lectures on Islamic philosophy[1].

The Objectives Resolution, passed in 1949, laid down the guiding principles for Pakistan’s constitution, emphasizing its Islamic character[1].

The first Islamic Summit Conference was held in Rabat, Morocco, in 1969, but among the given options, Cairo is the closest correct answer as it hosted significant OIC meetings; however, the first summit was not in any of the Pakistani cities listed[1]. (Note: The correct answer should be Rabat, but per the provided options, Cairo is closest.)

Allama Iqbal delivered the presidential address at the 1930 Allahabad session of the All-India Muslim League, envisioning a separate Muslim state[1].

Benazir Bhutto became the first female Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1988, making history as the first woman to lead a Muslim-majority nation[1].