Situational crime prevention is a strategy that focuses on the setting in which crimes occur rather than the offender's background. By making it more difficult, risky, or less rewarding to commit a crime—through measures like CCTV, improved lighting, or security locks—the opportunity for criminal activity is reduced.

Corporate crime refers to illegal or unethical actions committed by organizations or companies to achieve financial gain or maintain power. It encompasses violations of laws, regulations, or industry standards, as well as unethical business practices that occur within a corporate structure. These actions are distinct from individual white-collar crimes as they are often institutionalized within the company's operations.

The broken windows theory suggests that visible signs of disorder, such as broken windows or graffiti, create an environment that encourages further crime. Consequently, the zero-tolerance policing strategy advocates for the strict enforcement of minor offenses to prevent the escalation into more serious criminal activity, maintaining order by addressing small infractions immediately.

White-collar crime refers to financially motivated, nonviolent crimes committed by business and government professionals. These acts occur within the context of legitimate business activities. While they are often highly costly to society, they are frequently treated with more leniency than street crimes, reflecting power dynamics in the legal system.

The court system is the primary institution within a legal framework tasked with interpreting and applying laws to resolve disputes and determine outcomes. While parliaments create laws and police enforce them, courts hold the specific authority to adjudicate and make formal, legally binding decisions based on established statutes.

Nonviolent crimes are offenses that do not involve the use of force or the threat of force against a person. These crimes, such as theft, burglary, or fraud, primarily involve the illegal acquisition or destruction of property. They are distinguished from violent crimes, which involve physical harm or the threat of physical harm to individuals.

Social control refers to the methods used by society to maintain order and encourage conformity. Internalization of norms, social organization, and the application of sanctions (punishments) are active processes of control. Adherence to rules, however, is the outcome or the state of conformity itself, rather than a mechanism or method used to enforce that conformity. Therefore, it is categorized as a result of social control rather than a primary method.

The statement that deviance is normally sanctioned by law is false because deviance refers to any behavior that violates social norms, which may or may not be illegal. While crimes are a subset of deviant acts that are formally sanctioned by the legal system, many forms of deviance are met with informal social sanctions, such as disapproval or ostracism, rather than legal punishment. Therefore, deviance is a much broader category than crime.

Laws are formal norms established and enforced by the state or a governing body. Unlike folkways or mores, which rely on informal social pressure, laws are backed by the legitimate use of physical force and institutional authority to ensure compliance and maintain social order within a society.

The legal system functions through a collaborative effort involving various professionals. Judges interpret and apply the law, lawyers represent parties and advocate for legal outcomes, and administrative clerks ensure the procedural integrity of the court. Together, these roles contribute to the overall administration and enforcement of the legal framework within a society, ensuring that the rule of law is maintained.