#121

Which mechanism did the National Stock Exchange (NSE) implement for compulsory rolling settlement effective from July 2, 2001?

(a) market-wide based securities-wise circuit breakers

(b) securities-based market-wide circuit breakers

(c) none of the above

(d) index-based market-wide circuit breakers

Explanation: To ensure market stability and curb excessive volatility during the transition to compulsory rolling settlement, the NSE introduced index-based market-wide circuit breakers. These breakers are triggered when the market index (such as the Nifty or Sensex) moves beyond specified thresholds, leading to a temporary halt in trading across the entire market to allow for cooling off.

#122

Determine the residential status for the assessment year 2019-20 for a US citizen who arrived in India on July 1, 2018, left on December 15, 2018, and returned on January 1, 2019, staying until the end of the financial year.

(a) not ordinarily resident

(b) resident (ordinarily resident)

(c) non-resident

(d) None of the above

Explanation: To be a resident in India, an individual must satisfy basic conditions under Section 6(1) of the Income Tax Act. The individual stayed for approximately 168 days in the financial year 2018-19. Since they do not meet the 182-day threshold, they are generally classified as a non-resident. The provided answer 'not ordinarily resident' may conflict with standard residency calculations based on the 182-day rule.

#123

Which French monarch was removed from power as a result of the July Revolution of 1830?

(a) Charles V

(b) Charles X

(c) Louis XIV

(d) Louis V

Explanation: The July Revolution of 1830, also known as the Second French Revolution, resulted in the overthrow of King Charles X of the House of Bourbon. His conservative and reactionary policies alienated the liberal bourgeoisie and the working class, leading to an uprising in Paris. He was replaced by his cousin, Louis Philippe I, who established the July Monarchy, marking a shift toward a more constitutional form of government.

#124

Where was the 15th Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) summit held between July 11 and July 16, 2009?

(a) Sharmul Sheikh

(b) Durban

(c) Tehran

(d) Havana

Explanation: The 15th summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) took place in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, in July 2009. The summit brought together heads of state and government from member nations to address pressing international challenges, including economic development, global security, and the role of the movement in a post-Cold War international system.

#125

How many nations were original signatories to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) on July 1, 1968?

(a) 67 Nations

(b) 69 Nations

(c) 65 Nations

(d) 62 Nations

Explanation: The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) was opened for signature on July 1, 1968. On that initial day, 62 nations signed the treaty, which aimed to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology while promoting cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.

#126

In July 1588, the naval fleet of which nation suffered a major defeat?

(a) England

(b) Spain

(c) Portugal

(d) Norway

Explanation: The Spanish Armada was a massive fleet dispatched by King Philip II of Spain in 1588 to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I and restore Catholicism in England. The fleet was defeated by a combination of English naval tactics, led by figures like Francis Drake, and severe storms in the English Channel. This defeat was a critical event in European history, signaling the decline of Spanish naval dominance and the rise of England as a major maritime power.

#127

On what date in July 1964 did President Lyndon B. Johnson sign the Civil Rights Act into law, effectively prohibiting racial discrimination in the United States?

(a) 2 July 1964

(b) 12 July 1964

(c) 32 July 1964

(d) 22 July 1964

Explanation: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. President Lyndon B. Johnson signed this historic bill into law on July 2, 1964, marking a significant turning point in the American civil rights movement and the legal landscape of the country.

#128

In which year did the conflict between Lebanon and the Israeli military, often referred to as the July War, take place?

(a) 2005

(b) 2007

(d) 2006

Explanation: The 2006 Lebanon War, also known as the July War, was a 34-day military conflict in Lebanon and northern Israel. The principal parties were Hezbollah and the Israel Defense Forces, resulting in significant casualties and infrastructure damage before a UN-brokered ceasefire was implemented.

#129

Who served as the Minister-President of the Austrian half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire when war was declared on Serbia in July 1914?

(a) Ivan Tisza

(b) Nicola Pasic

(c) Count Sturgkh

(d) Friedrich Adler

Explanation: Count Karl von Sturgkh served as the Minister-President of Cisleithania (the Austrian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) from 1911 until his assassination in 1916. He was a key figure in the imperial government during the July Crisis of 1914, supporting the hardline stance against Serbia that ultimately triggered the outbreak of the First World War.

#130

Which Russian leader issued the order for the full mobilization of the Russian Imperial Army on July 31, 1914?

(a) Alexander Krivoshein

(b) Tsar Nicholas II

(c) Alexander Kerenski

(d) Grigory Rasputin

Explanation: Tsar Nicholas II authorized the full mobilization of the Russian army on July 31, 1914, following intense pressure from his military advisors. This decision was a critical turning point in the July Crisis, as it prompted Germany to declare war on Russia, thereby activating the alliance systems that escalated a regional Balkan conflict into a global war.

#131

What was the primary objective of the Potsdam Conference held in July 1945?

(a) Allied leaders could decide how to handle postwar Germany

(b) The Soviet Union and the United States could decide how to divide China

(c) Allied leaders could determine how to handle the occupation of Japan

(d) Plans could be made for the Soviet Union to invade Japan

Explanation: The Potsdam Conference brought together the leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to negotiate the terms for the end of World War II. The primary focus was the administration of defeated Germany, the establishment of postwar order, peace treaty issues, and countering the effects of the war in Europe.

#132

Which historical event is commemorated on the French national holiday of July 14th?

(a) London Revolution

(b) French Revolution

(c) Pink Revolution

(d) White Revolution

Explanation: July 14th, commonly known as Bastille Day, commemorates the storming of the Bastille prison in 1789. This event was a defining moment in the French Revolution, symbolizing the collapse of absolute monarchy and the rise of popular sovereignty. It is celebrated annually as the French National Day, representing the values of liberty, equality, and fraternity that underpin the modern French state.

#133

Which diplomatic agreement was signed between the Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan on July 3, 1972?

(a) Shimla Agreement

(b) Water Treaty

(c) Treaty of Peace

(d) Tashkent Agreement

Explanation: The Shimla Agreement was a landmark pact signed by Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and Pakistani President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. It was designed to reverse the consequences of the 1971 war and establish a framework for bilateral relations. The agreement emphasized resolving conflicts through peaceful means and direct negotiations, setting a precedent for future diplomatic engagements between the two South Asian neighbors.

#134

How does Microsoft Excel categorize the entry 'July 16, 2016' when typed into a cell?

(a) Number

(b) Formula

(c) Value

(d) Label

Explanation: In Microsoft Excel, dates are stored as serial numbers, which allows them to be used in calculations. When you enter a date like 'July 16, 2016', Excel recognizes it as a date value, enabling the user to perform arithmetic operations such as adding or subtracting days.

#135

How does Microsoft Excel classify the entry 'July 16, 2016' by default?

(a) Labe /

(b) Value

(c) Formula .

(d) Number

Explanation: In Microsoft Excel, dates are stored as serial numbers, which allows them to be used in calculations. When a user enters a date like 'July 16, 2016', Excel recognizes the format and treats it as a date value.

#136

On July 9, 1950, Pakistan became a member of:

(a) Paris Club

(b) IMF

(c) World Bank

(d) None of the above

Explanation: The OCR indicates option D ('None of the above') was marked as the answer in the source text.

#137

Dr. Asif Mahmood was elected as the chair of which United States federal body in 2026?

(a) United States Commission on International Religious Freedom

(b) United States Commission on Civil Rights

(c) United States Commission on Human Rights

(d) None of these

Explanation: Dr. Asif Mahmood was elected chair of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) for the 2026-27 term. The other options represent different federal commissions that do not focus specifically on the international religious freedom mandate. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017231/pakistan-origin-physician-asif-mahmood-elected-chair-of-us-commission-on-religious-freedom, 21 Jul 2026]

#138

Who was elected as the vice chair of the USCIRF alongside Dr. Asif Mahmood for the 2026-27 term?

(a) CeCe Heil

(b) Hakeem Jeffries

(c) Kamala Harris

(d) None of these

Explanation: The USCIRF announced the unanimous election of Dr. Asif Mahmood as chair and CeCe Heil as vice chair for the 2026-27 term. The other individuals mentioned are political figures not serving in this specific commission role. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017231/pakistan-origin-physician-asif-mahmood-elected-chair-of-us-commission-on-religious-freedom, 21 Jul 2026]

#139

Consider the following statements about Dr. Asif Mahmood: 1. He has served as a member of the Medical Board of California. 2. He was elected chair of the USCIRF for the 2026-27 term. 3. He has lived in California since 1999. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) All three

Explanation: All three statements are factually correct. Dr. Mahmood is a two-term member of the Medical Board of California, was elected chair of the USCIRF in 2026, and has resided in California since 1999. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017231/pakistan-origin-physician-asif-mahmood-elected-chair-of-us-commission-on-religious-freedom, 21 Jul 2026]

#140

Saadia Zahidi was appointed as the Director General of which international organization on July 24, 2026?

(a) World Economic Forum

(b) International Air Transport Association

(c) International Civil Aviation Organization

(d) World Trade Organization

Explanation: Saadia Zahidi was appointed to lead the International Air Transport Association (IATA). While she previously worked at the World Economic Forum, that is not the organization she was appointed to lead as Director General. [Source: https://www.dawn.com/news/2017986/pakistan-origin-saadia-zahidi-to-lead-international-air-transport-association, 24 Jul 2026]

July 2026 Current Affairs MCQs & Solutions