The 'Zat' rank determined the official's personal status in the imperial hierarchy and their salary. The 'Sawar' rank specified the number of cavalrymen (with horses) the official was expected to bring to the imperial service, ensuring a scalable military force.
1202
Which lady of the Mughal house wrote the 'Humayunnama'?
Gulbadan Begum was the daughter of Babur and the sister of Humayun. At Akbar's request, she wrote an account of her brother's life and the early Mughal family, providing a rare feminine perspective on the inner workings of the court and the harem.
1203
The Battle of Khanwa (1527) was a critical victory for Babur against which Rajput ruler?
After Panipat, the Rajput confederacy under Rana Sanga of Mewar posed the biggest threat to Babur. At Khanwa, Babur used his artillery and the religious slogan of 'Jihad' to rally his troops, winning a victory that effectively secured the Mughal presence in North India.
1204
The 'Great Mughal' was a term used by ______ to refer to the Mughal emperors.
Travelers like Thomas Roe, Francois Bernier, and Jean-Baptiste Tavernier spread the fame of the 'Great Mogul' in Europe. Their accounts of the empire's immense wealth, the splendor of the court, and the absolute power of the emperors made the Mughals legendary in the West.
1205
The 'Fatawa-e-Alamgiri', a massive compilation of Islamic law, was commissioned by:
Aurangzeb directed a group of scholars to compile the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri (Hanafi school) to serve as a legal code for the empire. It remains one of the most comprehensive works on Islamic jurisprudence and reflected Aurangzeb's desire to align the state with orthodox religious principles.
1206
Which Mughal Emperor was known for his love of wine and opium, often leaving the administration to his viziers?
Jahangir struggled with addiction throughout his life, which sometimes affected his ability to govern. This allowed his wife Nur Jahan and her family (the Junta) to consolidate power and effectively manage the empire's affairs for over a decade.
1207
The 'Bibi Ka Maqbara', often called the 'Poor Man's Taj', was built by Aurangzeb's son in memory of his mother at:
Prince Azam Shah built the Bibi Ka Maqbara in Aurangabad for his mother, Dilras Banu Begum. While it was intended to rival the Taj Mahal, the declining resources of the empire meant it was built on a smaller scale and with less expensive materials.
1208
Which Mughal Emperor moved the capital from Agra to Delhi and built the city of Shahjahanabad?
Shah Jahan decided to move the imperial seat to Delhi in 1638. He built the Seventh City of Delhi, named Shahjahanabad, which included the Red Fort (Lal Qila) and the Jama Masjid, serving as the center of Mughal authority until 1857.
1209
The 'Moti Masjid' (Pearl Mosque) inside the Agra Fort was built by:
Shah Jahan built the Moti Masjid in Agra between 1648 and 1654. It is constructed entirely of white marble and is noted for its refined elegance and symmetry, characteristic of the height of Shah Jahani architecture.
1210
Which Sikh Guru was executed by Aurangzeb in Delhi?
Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, was executed in 1675 at Chandni Chowk, Delhi, after he refused to convert to Islam and stood up for the rights of Kashmiri Pandits. This led his successor, Guru Gobind Singh, to found the Khalsa Panth to fight Mughal tyranny.
