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The MCQs below are drawn from the Political Science subject category.
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1361
Match the following elements of the Saptanga theory of the state as described in the Arthashastra.
In Kautilya's Saptanga theory, the seven limbs of the state are: Swami (King), Amatya (Minister), Janapada (Territory/Population), Durga (Fort), Kosha (Treasury), Danda (Army), and Mitra (Ally). Matching the provided list: Swami is the King (a-2), Amatya is the Minister (b-4), Kosha is the Treasury (c-3), and Danda is the Army (d-1).
1362
Who is historically recognized as the pioneer of the field of Comparative Politics?
Aristotle is widely regarded as the father of comparative politics because he systematically collected and analyzed the constitutions of 158 Greek city-states. By categorizing these systems based on their structure and governance, he established the empirical and comparative method that remains a cornerstone of political science today.
1363
Which French scholar observed that contemporary public law and political science theorists are primarily preoccupied with the phenomena of power?
Michel Halbecq is the French scholar credited with this observation regarding the shift in focus toward power dynamics within legal and political studies. While other figures like Duverger and Crozier are significant in political sociology, the specific attribution of this quote regarding the preoccupation with power phenomena belongs to Halbecq.
1364
Which political scientist described post-behaviouralism as a genuine revolution, a process of becoming, and a call for reform rather than a mere reaction or counter-reformation?
David Easton, a prominent political scientist, characterized post-behaviouralism as a transformative movement. He argued it was not a regressive reaction but a forward-looking revolution. By framing it as 'becoming' and 'reform,' he emphasized that post-behaviouralism sought to address the limitations of pure behaviouralism by reintroducing values and relevance into political inquiry, moving beyond the strict empirical constraints of the previous era.
1365
Who is recognized for defining political theory as 'the systematic thinking about the purpose of the government'?
John Plamenatz, a prominent political theorist, emphasized that political theory involves the rigorous and systematic analysis of the goals, justifications, and purposes of political authority. By focusing on the 'why' of government, his definition highlights the normative and philosophical dimensions of political inquiry, distinguishing it from purely descriptive or empirical studies of political institutions and behaviors.
1366
Which scholars advocated for the integration of classical and scientific methodologies in the academic study of international relations?
Palmer and Perkins argued that neither the classical approach, which focuses on history and philosophy, nor the scientific approach, which emphasizes empirical data and behavioral analysis, is sufficient on its own. They proposed that a synthesis of these methodologies provides a more robust framework for analyzing complex international phenomena, allowing researchers to balance normative insights with rigorous quantitative evidence.
1367
In Confucian political thought, through which figure do the Heavens primarily communicate their mandate to the people?
In Confucianism, the 'Mandate of Heaven' (Tianming) is the divine source of authority. The Emperor is considered the 'Son of Heaven' and acts as the intermediary between the celestial order and the earthly realm, responsible for maintaining harmony through virtuous governance.
1368
What is the primary focus of traditional political science when examining political phenomena across different historical periods?
Traditional political science is characterized by its focus on the state as the central unit of analysis. This approach examines the state's origins, its legal and institutional structures, its historical evolution, and its role in organizing human life. By prioritizing the study of the state, traditional scholars seek to understand the formal mechanisms of governance and the ethical foundations of political authority throughout history.
1369
Which economic principle is typically championed by conservative political parties?
Conservatism generally emphasizes the importance of private property as a cornerstone of individual liberty, social stability, and economic prosperity. Conservative ideologies often argue that private ownership encourages responsibility and investment, whereas public ownership or state-led nationalization is viewed as an infringement on personal freedom and a threat to market efficiency. This stance reflects a preference for traditional economic structures and limited government intervention in the marketplace.
1370
Which seminal work on American political institutions was authored by James Bryce?
James Bryce, a British jurist and historian, published 'The American Commonwealth' in 1888. This influential study provides a comprehensive analysis of the United States' political system, including its constitution, party structure, and social institutions. It remains a foundational text for understanding the development of American democracy from a comparative perspective.
