The Naqshbandiyya order is one of the most prominent Sufi orders in South Asia. :contentReference[oaicite:29]{index=29}

Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī of the Mawlawiyya order was a renowned poet, buried in Anatolia. :contentReference[oaicite:28]{index=28}

The Chishtiyya order is especially known for its Sama’ – devotional chanting. :contentReference[oaicite:27]{index=27}

The Tijaniyya order played a key role in Islamic spread in the Sahara and West Africa. :contentReference[oaicite:26]{index=26}

The Niʿmatullāhī order is a major Sufi order originating in Iran and associated with Shia Islam. :contentReference[oaicite:25]{index=25}

The Qadiriyya wa Naqshbandiyya combines elements of Qādiriyya and Naqshbandiyya lineages. :contentReference[oaicite:24]{index=24}

The Sanūsiyya order was founded in Libya and became influential in North Africa. :contentReference[oaicite:23]{index=23}

The Khalwatiyya emphasized ascetic retreat (khalwa) in its spiritual practices. :contentReference[oaicite:22]{index=22}

ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī, founder of the Qādiriyya, is buried in Baghdad and widely revered. :contentReference[oaicite:21]{index=21}

The Naqshbandiyya order emphasizes a chain (silsila) of masters tracing back to the Prophet ﷺ. :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}