M. Umer Chapra emphasized that Islamic economics seeks falah — comprehensive well-being — not mere GDP growth.

Tawhid binds all aspects of human activity, including economic conduct, to divine accountability.

In 'Iqtisaduna', Baqir al-Sadr proposed Islam as a distinct moral-economic alternative system.

Wealth in Islam is an amanah — a trust — not absolute property, and must be used for lawful and just purposes.

Maududi (d. 1979) conceptualized Islamic economics as a distinct discipline rooted in Shariah and divine purpose.

Islamic economics operates under the tawḥīdic paradigm, integrating ethics and law within all economic activity.

The Prophet ﷺ said, 'The truthful merchant will be with the Prophets and martyrs.' (Tirmidhi)

Ibn Khaldun emphasized that unjust rulers destroy economic productivity and social cohesion.

Islamic economics unites ethics and law, rejecting secular materialism.

‘Amwal’ in Arabic refers to wealth or property, central to discussions in fiqh al-mu‘amalat.